THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AUDITING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
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COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
ABSTRACT
Today in the public sectors, staffs have decided in involving themselves in fraud, misappropriation of fund mismanagement of assets entrusted on them, and abuse of their profiles for their different personal interests.
But, auditing has become a tool for ensuring good accountability. Through auditing, the account of individuals, partnership, co-operative and public sectors can at any time be examined by an auditor which enables him to express his opinion of true and fair view, by the use of auditing standards.
However, it is through this auditing, that those errors, frauds and other accounting mal-practices or irregularities can be easily traced out and be corrected. Through this auditing, spin off effect can easily be provided. Though all the secondary objective of auditing.
In conclusion, auditing has become an indispensable instrument through which the funds and assets entrusted in the hands of directors in public sector could be examined and make sure that those whom properties are entrusted were tested and reliable staff.
Moreover, this work is arranged in such a way that one chapter flows and naturally leads to next. It organized in three chapters
Chapter one: includes, introduction, objective of the study, significance of the study, scope of the study, auditing standard, destinations between auditing and accounting function and definition of terms.
Chapter two: what is auditing, who is our auditor types and objectives of auditing qualities of an auditor fraud in the public sector, internal control and internal check.
Chapter three: findings, conclusion, Recommendation Suggestion for further studies, bibliography.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introductions 1
1.2 Objective of the study 8
1.3 Significance of the study 9
1.4 Scope of the study 10
1.5 Auditing standards 11
1.6 Distinction between Auditing and Accounting Job 11
1.7 Definition of terms 12
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 What is auditing? 15
2.2 Who is our Auditor? 17
2.3 Types and objectives of Auditing 18
2.4 Qualities of an auditor 20
2.5 Fraud in the public sector 22
2.6 Internal control, internal check and internal audit 24
2.7 Classes of audit 26
CHAPTER THREE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Currently, taking a glance look into our public sector establishments, one can easily notice that all their activities revolved round the pivot of the auditing principles. Just as the auditors carry out their work on the state of affairs of the financial statement in order to enable him express his opinion of true and fair view of the accounts they purports to represent. Most of public sector establishment are engaging in audit work internally without knowing. Take for instance where the work of one personnel is being complemented by another personnel inured to ensure effective check for prevention of misappropriation and other irregularities on the assets entrusted on them, which refers as internal check on audit terminology.
In a nutshell, auditing can be seen as a through investigation and examination of an opinion on financial statement that hand prepared by an accountant thus, auditing work starts where accounting work stopped. In the view of audit operational standard audit is defined as the independent examination of financial statement and expression of opinion on the financial statement and expression of opinion on the financial statement of any enterprise in assurance of that appointment are in compliance with any relevant statutory. From the above definition, it can be seen that auditor has to deal with pure independent. This term of impendent of an auditor, enables him to carry out his audit work without any conflict of interest, fear and favors or any interference by the management.
At this juncture, it is necessary to know that auditing work has to be done by an auditor, who is a qualified accentuates having sat and passed the professional examination which is only the bring of institute of chartered accountant that is empowered by (CAMA) Company Allied Matters act to conduct such exams. In addition, such person must be of good character, conduct and must have a verse knowledge which helps him in easily understanding the practical business and be in position for easily ascertainment of the suitable procedure and methods of any concern he undertakes to audit.
Before the commencement of an audit work the dent must state the nature of the audit work. Precisely, the auditor on his side will write an engagement letter thereafter to the management to define the work which the management expects him to do. On no account should and auditor go beyond or allow to go beyond the scope specifically stated in the letter of engagement.
On appointment of an auditor, the remuneration will be fixed and it includes all the cost of materials and any wages. Ethical law and company allied matters act of 1990 (CAMA) states it specifically that auditors should not received gift inform of lairs, allowance grants from client immediately remuneration in fixed.
In t
Download our android mobile app for more materials
ORDER NOW
COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
MAKE YOUR PAYMENT INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
MONEY BACK GUARANTEE
ABSTRACT
Today in the public sectors, staffs have decided in involving themselves in fraud, misappropriation of fund mismanagement of assets entrusted on them, and abuse of their profiles for their different personal interests.
But, auditing has become a tool for ensuring good accountability. Through auditing, the account of individuals, partnership, co-operative and public sectors can at any time be examined by an auditor which enables him to express his opinion of true and fair view, by the use of auditing standards.
However, it is through this auditing, that those errors, frauds and other accounting mal-practices or irregularities can be easily traced out and be corrected. Through this auditing, spin off effect can easily be provided. Though all the secondary objective of auditing.
In conclusion, auditing has become an indispensable instrument through which the funds and assets entrusted in the hands of directors in public sector could be examined and make sure that those whom properties are entrusted were tested and reliable staff.
Moreover, this work is arranged in such a way that one chapter flows and naturally leads to next. It organized in three chapters
Chapter one: includes, introduction, objective of the study, significance of the study, scope of the study, auditing standard, destinations between auditing and accounting function and definition of terms.
Chapter two: what is auditing, who is our auditor types and objectives of auditing qualities of an auditor fraud in the public sector, internal control and internal check.
Chapter three: findings, conclusion, Recommendation Suggestion for further studies, bibliography.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introductions 1
1.2 Objective of the study 8
1.3 Significance of the study 9
1.4 Scope of the study 10
1.5 Auditing standards 11
1.6 Distinction between Auditing and Accounting Job 11
1.7 Definition of terms 12
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 What is auditing? 15
2.2 Who is our Auditor? 17
2.3 Types and objectives of Auditing 18
2.4 Qualities of an auditor 20
2.5 Fraud in the public sector 22
2.6 Internal control, internal check and internal audit 24
2.7 Classes of audit 26
CHAPTER THREE
- Findings 28
- Conclusion 30
- Recommendation 31
- Suggestion for Further studies 33
- Bibliography 34
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Currently, taking a glance look into our public sector establishments, one can easily notice that all their activities revolved round the pivot of the auditing principles. Just as the auditors carry out their work on the state of affairs of the financial statement in order to enable him express his opinion of true and fair view of the accounts they purports to represent. Most of public sector establishment are engaging in audit work internally without knowing. Take for instance where the work of one personnel is being complemented by another personnel inured to ensure effective check for prevention of misappropriation and other irregularities on the assets entrusted on them, which refers as internal check on audit terminology.
In a nutshell, auditing can be seen as a through investigation and examination of an opinion on financial statement that hand prepared by an accountant thus, auditing work starts where accounting work stopped. In the view of audit operational standard audit is defined as the independent examination of financial statement and expression of opinion on the financial statement and expression of opinion on the financial statement of any enterprise in assurance of that appointment are in compliance with any relevant statutory. From the above definition, it can be seen that auditor has to deal with pure independent. This term of impendent of an auditor, enables him to carry out his audit work without any conflict of interest, fear and favors or any interference by the management.
At this juncture, it is necessary to know that auditing work has to be done by an auditor, who is a qualified accentuates having sat and passed the professional examination which is only the bring of institute of chartered accountant that is empowered by (CAMA) Company Allied Matters act to conduct such exams. In addition, such person must be of good character, conduct and must have a verse knowledge which helps him in easily understanding the practical business and be in position for easily ascertainment of the suitable procedure and methods of any concern he undertakes to audit.
Before the commencement of an audit work the dent must state the nature of the audit work. Precisely, the auditor on his side will write an engagement letter thereafter to the management to define the work which the management expects him to do. On no account should and auditor go beyond or allow to go beyond the scope specifically stated in the letter of engagement.
On appointment of an auditor, the remuneration will be fixed and it includes all the cost of materials and any wages. Ethical law and company allied matters act of 1990 (CAMA) states it specifically that auditors should not received gift inform of lairs, allowance grants from client immediately remuneration in fixed.
In t
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