AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE PAYMENT PROCEDURE IN GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHMENTS. (A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF FINANCE ENUGU)

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE PAYMENT PROCEDURE IN GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHMENTS.

(A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF FINANCE ENUGU)

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction 1
  
  
  
  • Definition of terms                                                           1
  
  
  • Background to the study 2
  
  
  • Statement of problems 3
  
  
  • Purpose of study 4
  
  
  • Scope of the study 5
  
  
  • Research questions 5
  
  
  • Hypothesis 6
  
  
  • Significance of the study 7
  
  
  
  

CHAPTER TWO

• Review of related literature 8
  
  
  
  • Introduction 8
  
  
  • Structure of payment procedure in ministry of finance 8
  
  
  • Estimates (Budget) 10
  
  
  • Payments 14
  
  
  • Payment units and procedure 16
  
  
  • Treatment of wages and overhead cost                     29
  
  
  • Accounts to be maintained 31
  
  
  • Review and audit of the accounts 34
  
  
  • Control checks within the payment system 35
  
  
  • Wages treatment and overhead payment vouchers 36
  
  
  • Review and audit of accounts-auditor-general II 38
  
  
  • Expenditure authorities II 44
  
  
  • Compilation of the government accounts at
  
  
  
  

ministry of finance                                                   46

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Research methodology and design 53
  
  
  
  • Research design 53
  
  
  • Area of study 54
  
  
  • Population of the study 54
  
  
  • Sample and sampling procedure 54
  
  
  • Instrumentation 55
  
  
  • Validation of research instrument 56
  
  
  • Reliability of research instrument 56
  
  
  • Method of data collection 57
  
  
  • Method of data analysis 58
  
  
  
  

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data presentation and results 59
  
  
  
  • Data presentation 59
  
  
  • Interpretation result 75
  
  
  
  

CHAPTER FIVE

• Discussion, findings, conclusion and recommendations 77
  
  
  
  • Discussion of results 77
  
  
  • Conclusion 79
  
  
  • Implication of the results 80
  
  
  • Recommendations 81
  
  
  • Suggestions for further studies 83
  
  
  • Limitation to the study 84
  
  
  
  

Reference                                                                       85

Appendix                                                                       86

ABSTRACT

 

This research work comprised of five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction on the background to the study, statement of the problems etc. One of the problems many organization is facing is how to maximize the usage of it’s resources. Government establishments in Nigeria are known avenues that cause likages in government resources. This work is therefore geared towards identifying the adequacy of resources for orderliness in payment procedure, the efficiency and effectiveness of the payment procedures, the relationship between the problems in the payment procedure, the resources available and the effectiveness of the remedial actions already taken to restore normalcy.

Data shall be collected through primary source, the respondents are to be the senior and junior staff of ministry of finance Enugu. The data are to be collected through questionnaires as to resources availability remedial actions on the ground etc.

T-test technique shall be used to test the data collected, which will as show whether the resources were inadequate to encourage orderliness, that the payment procedure is inadequate for proper operation, etc.

The last chapter shall discuss the analysis, make findings, and conclude by making recommendations to remedy the problems.

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION:

This study sets out to give an overview of the payment procedure in government establishments, particularly Enugu State Ministry of finance. This chapter defines some key concepts, background to the study, statement of problems, etc. It ended with the significance of the study.

 

• DEFINITION OF TERMS

Accounting system means all efforts towards making extensive use of mathematical and analytical methods for solving accounting problems –No compliance with ethical laws, regulations, non observance of established internal control systems etc. The concept of payment is a system concerned with applying financial resources, observing ethical rules and internal control system etc. operating within any organisation. Government ministries, departments etc are establishments they operate within the structure of the civil service rule, as handed over to them by Britain (Formal colonial masters). The ministries or departments operate with government funds, accounting theory rules set by the government accounting standards board. The establishments have internal control, compare standards with performance, remedial actions are taken when variance is significant.

 

• BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

For many years in Nigeria some government projects were half executed, some abandoned after the contractors collected millions of naira, civil servants and pensioners owed areas of salaries, allowances gratuities etc. There is stagnation, underdevelopment in the economy. Yet every year, the government make budgets, collect revenues, in many cases, overspent the collected revenues. The ugly, pitable situation cause serious concern to the citizenry, foreigners and government, for example, in 1987, revenue of the Anambra state (internal and state share of federation account) stood at N538, 567,473 while expenditure stood at N596, 253,904. N1, 378,874.32k were reported lost. Over expenditure being N37, 686,431. This loss was due to non judious use of funds caused by likages in the payment procedures. The system worsened daring the military regime. Now we are in a new disparaged of democracy little hope is envisaged.

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

This study of the payment procedure in government establishments with reference to ministry of finance-Enugu. Every organisation sets up payment technique that suits its purpose. It is not surprising that this government unit of the study area operates by using such payment procedure as would serve its purpose and in discharging its obligations to the citizenry. It'’ payment procedure as will be seen in the next chapter, take care of receipts and payments in a given period of time. Adverse variances occur in the yearly budgets from the payment perspective. Unrealistic, unfairly valued, unfairly presented and uncompleted capital projects are fully paid for overhead expenditures are incored without proper costing, on indication of beneficial ownership and unfairly presentation of prices of assets. Generated revenues are lost due to the existence of ghostworkers in payroll system. This work is therefore geared towards examining the payment procedure for possible remedial actions.

 

 

 

• PURPOSE OF STUDY

The likages above suspected amenate from the payment procedure and control checks attached to the system are what this study is set to review with the aim of finding out among others:-

1. The adequacy of the resources to encourage orderliness in the payment procedure.


2. Payment procedure and control in government establishments, as well as its efficiency and effectiveness with ministry f finance Enugu as a test case.


3. Whether the lapses in the payment procedure and control have relationship with the resources available.


4. Identify the effectiveness of the actions already taken by the government to remedy the situation


5. Suggest some remedial actions that could be taken to curb the lapses.


6. The remedial actions to be suggested, what would be the actions if adopted by the government establishments.

 

 

• SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study is to be carried out within the headquarters of Enugu State Ministry of Finance and its sections. The study unit (area) remains the “power house” of Enugu State government in terms of payment and documentation. It maintains a detailed control system than any other government establishment in the state. Due to limited time, the researcher can not guarantee consulting with other sub-treasuries outside the ministry as well as other ministry departments and parasterals in the state.

 

• RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

The following research questions will be taken into consideration to effect an in-depth study of the payment procedure in government establishments.

1. To what extent are resources available, to encourage orderliness in the payment procedure in ministry of finance Enugu?


2. Is the payment procedure existing in the ministry efficient and effective?


3. Does the likely problems in the payment system in the study area relate to the availability of resources?


4. How effective and efficient have the remedial actions taken by the government been able to correct the anomaties?

 

• HYPOTHESIS:

In testing the purpose of this study, null hypothesis –Ho₁, Ho₂, Ho₃ and Ho₄, will form the basic of the analysis.

Ho₁- There will be no significance difference between the mean responses of senior and junior staff of the study area, on resources adequate for orderliness in the payment.

Ho₂- There is no significance relationship between the perceptions f the staff on the efficiency and effectiveness of the payment procedure and control.

Ho₃- There is no significance relationship between the senior and junior staff perception that the problems in the payment procedure do not depend on the available resources.

Ho₄- There will be no significance relationship between the mean responses of senior and junior staff of the study unit on the effectiveness of the remedial actions already taken to correct anomalies in the payment procedure.

 

• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

The followings of this work is expected to contribute to the following:-

1. X-ray the inherent disabilities and limitations of payment procedure in government establishments.


2. It will hilight areas of inefficiency, ineffectiveness, delay and measure for improvement.


3. It will also be of immense help to undergraduates, researchers, accountants within the civil service, complement to existing accounting text books, guide lines etc.

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