“RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING”
BIBLIOGRAPHY 32
CHAPTER ONE
Responsibility accounting is the third type of management accounting information. It is called by that name because the accounting information is structured according to organization units, which are responsibility centers. Responsibility accounting collects and reports information that is used in an important management function and management control.
DEFINITION
An information system designed to a measure the performance of that segment of a business for such a given manager is responsible is often referred to as “responsibility accounting system”.
A responsibility accounting system should reflect the plans and performance of each organization. It is designed to provide timely information for decision making and for the evaluation of performance. In addition to being timely such information should highlight deviations of actual performance from planned performance so that appropriate corrective action can be taken. All items of expense are the responsibility of an individual and should be charged to that individual at the point of origin. In other words, expenses should be viewed as the responsibility of the manger of the organizational unit where costs originated. The manager at this level is authorized to incur expenses and he is in a position to exercise direct control over them.
An organization has one or more leaders who are called managers who lead members of an organization to accomplish the organizational goals and objectives. Managers user worker whom they motivate, take decisions on the resources that are available and set about in achieving the organizational goals and objective of either providing services or tangible goods.
A manager can conveniently supervise a limited number of subordinates, which the Old Testament writes put at ten. However, this number could be varied depending on the nature of the job to be done and on the personality and skill of the manger. It therefore, follows that in an organization there must be more than one manager and there must be several layers of managers in the organistion of a company. Authority runs from the top unit down through the successive layers which is called “Organistion hierarchy”. In an organization, the top line units are called divisions and within each division there are a number of departments and within each department there are a number of sections, all with leaders and supervisors.
Each of the organization unit is headed by a manager who is responsible for the work done by the unit. These organization units are called responsibility centers which is simply an organization unit headed by a responsible manager. The manager is responsible in the sense that it is the duty of manager to see that the organization unit does its part in achieving the goals of the whole organization.
The responsibility center uses resources. These are its input. It works with these resources. People are involved in this process as well as machines, stock and other tangible things. As a result of this work outputs are produced in the form of goods if they are tangible and services it they are intangible. Those goods or services go either to other responsibility centers within the organistion or to customers in the outside world. The information given by the below diagram can be classified as either accounting information or non-accounting information. Although we are interested primarily in accounting information, much of non-accounting information is relevant in understanding what has happened in a responsibility center.
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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
CHAPTER ONE
- Introduction 1
- Responsibility accounting 1
- Responsibility center 2
- Types of responsibility centers 8
- Expense center 9
- Profit center 9
- Investment center 10
CHAPTER TWO
- Management control process 12
- Steps in management control 14
- Type of budget 15
- The cash budget 17
- Uses of budget 20
- Budget preparation 23
- Reporting and analysis 23
CHAPTER THREE
- Control reports and their uses 25
- Information reports 25
- Performance reports 26
- Technical criteria for report 27
- Summary 29
BIBLIOGRAPHY 32
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Responsibility accounting is the third type of management accounting information. It is called by that name because the accounting information is structured according to organization units, which are responsibility centers. Responsibility accounting collects and reports information that is used in an important management function and management control.
RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING
DEFINITION
An information system designed to a measure the performance of that segment of a business for such a given manager is responsible is often referred to as “responsibility accounting system”.
A responsibility accounting system should reflect the plans and performance of each organization. It is designed to provide timely information for decision making and for the evaluation of performance. In addition to being timely such information should highlight deviations of actual performance from planned performance so that appropriate corrective action can be taken. All items of expense are the responsibility of an individual and should be charged to that individual at the point of origin. In other words, expenses should be viewed as the responsibility of the manger of the organizational unit where costs originated. The manager at this level is authorized to incur expenses and he is in a position to exercise direct control over them.
RESPONSIBILITY CENTRE
An organization has one or more leaders who are called managers who lead members of an organization to accomplish the organizational goals and objectives. Managers user worker whom they motivate, take decisions on the resources that are available and set about in achieving the organizational goals and objective of either providing services or tangible goods.
A manager can conveniently supervise a limited number of subordinates, which the Old Testament writes put at ten. However, this number could be varied depending on the nature of the job to be done and on the personality and skill of the manger. It therefore, follows that in an organization there must be more than one manager and there must be several layers of managers in the organistion of a company. Authority runs from the top unit down through the successive layers which is called “Organistion hierarchy”. In an organization, the top line units are called divisions and within each division there are a number of departments and within each department there are a number of sections, all with leaders and supervisors.
Each of the organization unit is headed by a manager who is responsible for the work done by the unit. These organization units are called responsibility centers which is simply an organization unit headed by a responsible manager. The manager is responsible in the sense that it is the duty of manager to see that the organization unit does its part in achieving the goals of the whole organization.
The responsibility center uses resources. These are its input. It works with these resources. People are involved in this process as well as machines, stock and other tangible things. As a result of this work outputs are produced in the form of goods if they are tangible and services it they are intangible. Those goods or services go either to other responsibility centers within the organistion or to customers in the outside world. The information given by the below diagram can be classified as either accounting information or non-accounting information. Although we are interested primarily in accounting information, much of non-accounting information is relevant in understanding what has happened in a responsibility center.
Download our android mobile app for more materials
ORDER NOW
COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
MAKE YOUR PAYMENT INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
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