THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES (A CASE STUDY OF HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, ENUGU)
THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES
(A CASE STUDY OF HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, ENUGU)
INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 21
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 55
CHAPTER FOUR
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 78
Appendix 87
INTRODUCTION
Nigeria is a mixed dual economic system in which ownership of means of production is shared between the private and public sector. The sectors of the Nigeria economy include agriculture petroleum, manufacturing, construction and distribution. The contributions of these sectors to Nigeria’s Gross domestic product (GDP) from 1998 – 2001 was 75%.
Specifically, it has been rightly observed by all and sundry that the role of accounting in construction companies has become precedent and must be effectively considered with due respect of accounting system in construction companies.
Certainly, the role of accounting in construction companies has become indispensable in modern establishment or the companies. Accounting provides information, which is vital to the economic decisions that have to be made by the individual banks, investors companies and the government. Construction companies requires the services of accounting to understand what goes on in the various department and branches to evaluate the effectiveness of company’s policies on operations and monetary instruments. No chief executive is a positive to personally appraise and monitor the operations of subordinates without efficient role of accounting reports. This becomes even true with the increased complexity of the economy and the massive growth of individual organizations.
The operations and performance of large companies like Hapel Construction Company, Royal Construction Company (RCC), Julius Berger Construction, UAC Michelines, P.Z. Industries, commercial and Merchant Banks etc. can be better assessed through periodic accounting report without a doubt. Accounting controls and safeguards the funds of an organization as well as providing the relevant information for explanting profitable investment opportunities.
We will be concerned in this research work laying foundations of accounting principles and the uses to which accounting can be put in the construction companies, hence accounting is described as the language of business.
In this course of study, attention will be focused on accounting techniques / principles and practice as apply able in construction industries in Nigeria. HAPEL LTD will be used as a case study.
From the perspective role of accounting system in a construction companies, accounting have played very significant roles in the growth of construction companies in Nigeria is that of poor performance inspire of the professional personnel in the accounting system and effort by investors.
Therefore there has been need for quantitative data for decision-making and control of operations and also the need for immediate feed back information so as to enable the industries to measure performance.
The problem therefore to be studied in this project include:
From the problems listed above, the research objectives are general towards:
It is expected that this study would be found useful to the operations of the company to know whether the system they are operating is effective. It will reveal whether at a glance, the accounting system indicates compliance to the roles and proper recording of company’s transaction. Whether it provides the relevant and the adequate information required.
Those that will benefit from this study are as follows:
Carrying out a project of this nature and particularly in Nigeria is faced with many obstacles. In achieving this study, the researcher must be absolutely dedicated, enthusiastic, keen and resourceful. It is however requested that circumstance or certain factors outside the control of the research came against this study, such unforeseen and uncontrollable factor includes finances time, data collection etc.
It was not easy for the research to have a 100% success of the study because of insufficient time for running about in terms of collecting a first hand data. Collection of data in Nigeria is one of the problems facing researchers, posted questionnaires may not be returned by the people it is sent to this means that oral interviews had to be made in combination with the questionnaires. This been by no means essay since it means checking for a number of time before you get your host (s) who even than may not be prepared or disposed to give the information.
Hapel construction Nigeria limited is a private liability company located at plot C14/15 old Airport Road Emene standard layout Emene in Enugu State.
It came into existence or was incorporated in 1971 as a construction company and since then has been in business. The company is owned by chief E. N. Nwaokoro and directors comprises the following four members.
The functional staff members of the board are the Chief Executive and the managing director. The present head office of the company is at plot C 14/15 old Airport Rose Emene standard layout. There branches situated in Umuahia at Igbere site, Akwa-Ibowo and Ebonyi at Afrikpo road.
OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY.
The company’s line of operations is in civil engineering and building works such as building construction road construction and revalidation of road.
Some of their notable achievement include construction of imo state Airport Road, Umuahia Urban Road Ete abak road in Akwa-Ibon federal road and also Afikpo in Abakakili ebonyi state yet to be completed.
ORGANISATION OF ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT OF HAPEL LTD.
THE FINANCIAL DIRECTOR
HAPEL LTD operates three types of accounting, namely financial, management and cost accounting, which cannot function in isolation. Ideally, they are to be found under one umbrella known as accounts department.
Organizational structure therefore, greatly aids co – ordination of activities. It is important to note that the reasons for co-ordination may vary from company to company, many methods are available and it is essential to place them in the proper perspective. Activities may be assigned to those departments, which will ensure the attainment of the objectives of the company for example, the credit control section may be considered best allocated to the accounting department as it may apply to a company policies better than if control was given to the sales managers who may adopt too literal a policy. The principle here is that one department should be a check unto another. This is often called the “separation principle”. The above is only a guide; good judgment is required from alternatives.
Organization of accounting department can be best being illustration in the forms of a chart above to communicate better understanding. The organization chart establishes the flow of authority and responsibilities defining the relationship among the major management position of department. As such it defines those persons to whom various kind of accounting information should finally go to try management for decision making purposes. The attached illustration of organization chart does not give a general overview of business undertaking. However, it depicts an organization structure of a standard accounting department of sizeable nature as may be relative to the case study. (HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED)
Authority flows the formal director who assists the accountants in the various units of department in the running of the day – to – day activities of the establishment. The accountant, stores and purchasing officer in each unit oversees the accounting department and report to the finance director. It is responsible for the monthly / yearly preparation of the financial statement from information received from various units under him.
This unit is in charge of:
This unit involves all foreign exchanges transaction of the organization.
This unit involves the following:
IT IS RESPONSIBLE
i market survey
ii Alerting management when there is need to re- order
iii purchasing of materials.
IV Issuing of materials
Vi safe – keeping of vital stores documents.
It involve cash transaction, which is recorded by the project costing unit.
The contract account, which is the account prepared in HAPEL companies of work certified, valuation of working progress, equipment used in contracts, deprecation of assets, which is calculated on straight line basis, the amount of work certified in respect of job done, contracts over heads, contract expanses.
The profit arrived at is carried or transferred to the profit and loss account.
The account department from the above transaction prepares the profit and loss account and the balance sheet of the company. The account department through the financial director supervises the transfer of materials, request orders, purchase for the organization and makes sure that effective and efficient control of material in store is achieved.
Stock taking is also carried out by accounting department I HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED. Stock carried out once a year, that is at the end of the year. But stop-to-stop checks on materials at site are also done by the financial controller or delegated by either of the accountant.
The financial director also carries out important function in respect to the sourcing of fund of materials.
He does this in the following ways:
1.8 IMPLEMENTATION WORKING OR ACCOUNTING IN HAPEL LTD
This is document used for supply of materials, validity of any LPO depends on the organization concerned and varies from 14 days to 30 days or more. In HAPEL, local purchase order can be valid for 7-14 days, depending on the materials supplied and the urgency in the need for the materials.
1.8.2 PAYMENTS
Payments are made as from 90 days after the date of the delivery expect in some special or urgent cases in which payment might be made upon delivery and in some cases advance payment is made.
Payments are made in two methods: Payments by cheque. Casy payments are made on the authorization of the financial director of the company.
Cash pays wages and salaries. At every month end, workers are paid according to the hours they have put in and overtime are also paid to deserving staff.
This is a document used within the company to request for materials from stores. The head of the department making requisition order authorizes it or from before it is passed to the store for issuing.
Function or purpose or position which something has or is expected to have in an organization society or a relationship.
This is the process of observing, recording, storing, summarizing and reporting the net impact of effects that results from certain kinds of decision.
According Barish N, is a means by which managers of an organization perform their duties cooperatively towards attainment of goals and objectives of the enterprise.
This is a means by which a business develops information presented in fanatical statement or other reports for management and third parties.
This provides the information management needed to operate a business and to make decision. It is network of computer based data processing procedure developed in an organization and integrated as necessary with other manual, mechanical and / or electrical procedures for the purpose of providing timely and effective information to support decision making and other management functions.
This is part of management accounting, which established budgets and standard costs and actual cost of operations, process departments or products and the analysis of variance, profitability or social use of funds.
This is a communication statement of opinion (judgment) based upon convincing evidence by an independet, competence and authoritative person, concerning the degree of correspondence in all materials in respect of accounting and information communicated by an entity (individual, companies, government units) with establish criteria.
This is defined as the process of planning, organizing, staffing and controlling. Management process involves decision making to make a good decision requires good information as to:
This system allocates revenue and expenses as well as assets liabilities and non-financial information from services or support certain, with which they have been identified for responsibility and control purpose to other centres or products for profitability and reporting purposes.
This is the smallest of the activities or area of responsibility where cost are accumulated.
This is a segment of a business that is responsible for both its revenues and expenditure.
Tenders can be said to be a construction jargon for quotation for supply or materials. Whenever there is a supply job, various supplies will tender for the job. The tender board companies of professionals like, engineers, surveyors, architects, among other hold a meeting to debate on tenders. The tenders that has a realistic price level as compared to others will then be chosen. Then, after an LPO or requisition, note will be issued for the supply of he needed items.
13 SUB-CONTRACTOR:
The sub-contractor is a relative term, relative in the sense that they can be classified as a big or smaller contractor depending on the size of contract they are holding. They take smaller jobs from major contractors. The major in the specialized area which the major lacks expertise. They help to increase out put in a short space of time sub-contractor s help in the completion of project within the scheduled period.
They are credits to the company.
HAPEL LTD has employees who works on the various construction site and are remunerated on monthly basis. They are issued time cards which are returned to the supervisors at the end of each month for verification and signature. The HAPEL LTD uses time card and work report sheet to record the umber of workers at site and at office.
Is the advance paid by the client to a contractor to enable construction work to start/
Part of a computer which is linked to the central processor.
This is a system where an organization replenishes its stock or materials by making payments in advance to the supplying company after contract has been won.
Download our android mobile app for more materials
ORDER NOW
COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
(A CASE STUDY OF HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, ENUGU)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
- Scope of the study 3
- Statement of problem 3
- Purpose of the study 4
- The importance of the study 5
- Limitations of the study 6
- Historical background of Hapel limited 7
- Organisation of Accounting Department of Hapel Ltd. 8
- Implementation working or accounting in Hapel Ltd 13
- Definition of terms 15
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 21
- Meaning of Accounting 21
- Accounting of systems 22
- Accounting objectives 28
- Installation of accounting systems 30
- Role of accounting in construction companies 52
- Role of accounting in Hapel Nigeria ltd 53
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 55
- Procedure 55
- Population size 55
- Sampling procedures 56
- Research instrument 57
- Method of analysis of data 57
- Source of data 58
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS. 61
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 78
- Discussions of findings. 79
- Conclusion 80
- Recommendations 82
Bibliography 84
Appendix 87
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Nigeria is a mixed dual economic system in which ownership of means of production is shared between the private and public sector. The sectors of the Nigeria economy include agriculture petroleum, manufacturing, construction and distribution. The contributions of these sectors to Nigeria’s Gross domestic product (GDP) from 1998 – 2001 was 75%.
Specifically, it has been rightly observed by all and sundry that the role of accounting in construction companies has become precedent and must be effectively considered with due respect of accounting system in construction companies.
Certainly, the role of accounting in construction companies has become indispensable in modern establishment or the companies. Accounting provides information, which is vital to the economic decisions that have to be made by the individual banks, investors companies and the government. Construction companies requires the services of accounting to understand what goes on in the various department and branches to evaluate the effectiveness of company’s policies on operations and monetary instruments. No chief executive is a positive to personally appraise and monitor the operations of subordinates without efficient role of accounting reports. This becomes even true with the increased complexity of the economy and the massive growth of individual organizations.
The operations and performance of large companies like Hapel Construction Company, Royal Construction Company (RCC), Julius Berger Construction, UAC Michelines, P.Z. Industries, commercial and Merchant Banks etc. can be better assessed through periodic accounting report without a doubt. Accounting controls and safeguards the funds of an organization as well as providing the relevant information for explanting profitable investment opportunities.
We will be concerned in this research work laying foundations of accounting principles and the uses to which accounting can be put in the construction companies, hence accounting is described as the language of business.
- SCOPES OF STUDY
In this course of study, attention will be focused on accounting techniques / principles and practice as apply able in construction industries in Nigeria. HAPEL LTD will be used as a case study.
- STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
From the perspective role of accounting system in a construction companies, accounting have played very significant roles in the growth of construction companies in Nigeria is that of poor performance inspire of the professional personnel in the accounting system and effort by investors.
Therefore there has been need for quantitative data for decision-making and control of operations and also the need for immediate feed back information so as to enable the industries to measure performance.
The problem therefore to be studied in this project include:
- The negligence of proper stock taking of material and equipment in construction companies.
- Inefficient of labour management in construction industries.
- Assumption that accounting department does not play any significance role construction companies.
- Difficulties in accounting for transferred material from office of the site.
- Lack of proper materials and equipment storage in construction companies.
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY.
From the problems listed above, the research objectives are general towards:
- Ensuring that there is a proper stock taking of material and equipment in construction companies
- Establishing the fact that accounting department is very necessary in construction companies for adequate disclosure of transactions.
- Ensuring that there is labour management the construction companies.
- Ensuring that material transferred from office to site is account for.
- THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDY
It is expected that this study would be found useful to the operations of the company to know whether the system they are operating is effective. It will reveal whether at a glance, the accounting system indicates compliance to the roles and proper recording of company’s transaction. Whether it provides the relevant and the adequate information required.
Those that will benefit from this study are as follows:
- The operations of the system in company’s management.
- The users of accounting in companies.
- The director for effective decision making on resources management in future.
- LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
Carrying out a project of this nature and particularly in Nigeria is faced with many obstacles. In achieving this study, the researcher must be absolutely dedicated, enthusiastic, keen and resourceful. It is however requested that circumstance or certain factors outside the control of the research came against this study, such unforeseen and uncontrollable factor includes finances time, data collection etc.
It was not easy for the research to have a 100% success of the study because of insufficient time for running about in terms of collecting a first hand data. Collection of data in Nigeria is one of the problems facing researchers, posted questionnaires may not be returned by the people it is sent to this means that oral interviews had to be made in combination with the questionnaires. This been by no means essay since it means checking for a number of time before you get your host (s) who even than may not be prepared or disposed to give the information.
- BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTD.
Hapel construction Nigeria limited is a private liability company located at plot C14/15 old Airport Road Emene standard layout Emene in Enugu State.
It came into existence or was incorporated in 1971 as a construction company and since then has been in business. The company is owned by chief E. N. Nwaokoro and directors comprises the following four members.
- Chief Executive (C.E.O)
- Managing Director (MP)
- Commercial Director (CD)
- Director of personnel (DOP)
The functional staff members of the board are the Chief Executive and the managing director. The present head office of the company is at plot C 14/15 old Airport Rose Emene standard layout. There branches situated in Umuahia at Igbere site, Akwa-Ibowo and Ebonyi at Afrikpo road.
OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY.
The company’s line of operations is in civil engineering and building works such as building construction road construction and revalidation of road.
Some of their notable achievement include construction of imo state Airport Road, Umuahia Urban Road Ete abak road in Akwa-Ibon federal road and also Afikpo in Abakakili ebonyi state yet to be completed.
ORGANISATION OF ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT OF HAPEL LTD.
THE FINANCIAL DIRECTOR
- ORGANISATION OF ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT
HAPEL LTD operates three types of accounting, namely financial, management and cost accounting, which cannot function in isolation. Ideally, they are to be found under one umbrella known as accounts department.
Organizational structure therefore, greatly aids co – ordination of activities. It is important to note that the reasons for co-ordination may vary from company to company, many methods are available and it is essential to place them in the proper perspective. Activities may be assigned to those departments, which will ensure the attainment of the objectives of the company for example, the credit control section may be considered best allocated to the accounting department as it may apply to a company policies better than if control was given to the sales managers who may adopt too literal a policy. The principle here is that one department should be a check unto another. This is often called the “separation principle”. The above is only a guide; good judgment is required from alternatives.
Organization of accounting department can be best being illustration in the forms of a chart above to communicate better understanding. The organization chart establishes the flow of authority and responsibilities defining the relationship among the major management position of department. As such it defines those persons to whom various kind of accounting information should finally go to try management for decision making purposes. The attached illustration of organization chart does not give a general overview of business undertaking. However, it depicts an organization structure of a standard accounting department of sizeable nature as may be relative to the case study. (HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED)
Authority flows the formal director who assists the accountants in the various units of department in the running of the day – to – day activities of the establishment. The accountant, stores and purchasing officer in each unit oversees the accounting department and report to the finance director. It is responsible for the monthly / yearly preparation of the financial statement from information received from various units under him.
- PROJECT COSTING UNIT.
This unit is in charge of:
- Budget preparation
- Costing of materials
- Preparations of cost accounting
- Preparations of contract account
- FORIGN EXCHANGE UNIT
This unit involves all foreign exchanges transaction of the organization.
- SALARIES AND WAGES UNIT
This unit involves the following:
- The preparation of wages and salaries of workers
- Computation of leaves allowances and annual bonuses.
- STORES
IT IS RESPONSIBLE
i market survey
ii Alerting management when there is need to re- order
iii purchasing of materials.
IV Issuing of materials
- Safe-keeping of materials both in the store or site
Vi safe – keeping of vital stores documents.
It involve cash transaction, which is recorded by the project costing unit.
The contract account, which is the account prepared in HAPEL companies of work certified, valuation of working progress, equipment used in contracts, deprecation of assets, which is calculated on straight line basis, the amount of work certified in respect of job done, contracts over heads, contract expanses.
The profit arrived at is carried or transferred to the profit and loss account.
The account department from the above transaction prepares the profit and loss account and the balance sheet of the company. The account department through the financial director supervises the transfer of materials, request orders, purchase for the organization and makes sure that effective and efficient control of material in store is achieved.
Stock taking is also carried out by accounting department I HAPEL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED. Stock carried out once a year, that is at the end of the year. But stop-to-stop checks on materials at site are also done by the financial controller or delegated by either of the accountant.
The financial director also carries out important function in respect to the sourcing of fund of materials.
He does this in the following ways:
- Setting aside enough money for the acquisition of materials for use in the avert of the ward of contract.
- Hire equipment of the company to considers and realize money.
- Sub-contract certain jobs at a cheap rate differ their payments.
- Other aspects of transactions in the accounts department include purpose of materials.
1.8 IMPLEMENTATION WORKING OR ACCOUNTING IN HAPEL LTD
- LOCAL PURCHASES ORDER
This is document used for supply of materials, validity of any LPO depends on the organization concerned and varies from 14 days to 30 days or more. In HAPEL, local purchase order can be valid for 7-14 days, depending on the materials supplied and the urgency in the need for the materials.
1.8.2 PAYMENTS
Payments are made as from 90 days after the date of the delivery expect in some special or urgent cases in which payment might be made upon delivery and in some cases advance payment is made.
Payments are made in two methods: Payments by cheque. Casy payments are made on the authorization of the financial director of the company.
- WAGES AND SALARIES.
Cash pays wages and salaries. At every month end, workers are paid according to the hours they have put in and overtime are also paid to deserving staff.
- REQUISITION LETTER
This is a document used within the company to request for materials from stores. The head of the department making requisition order authorizes it or from before it is passed to the store for issuing.
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
- ROLE:
Function or purpose or position which something has or is expected to have in an organization society or a relationship.
- ACCOUNTING:
This is the process of observing, recording, storing, summarizing and reporting the net impact of effects that results from certain kinds of decision.
- SYSTEM:
According Barish N, is a means by which managers of an organization perform their duties cooperatively towards attainment of goals and objectives of the enterprise.
- ACCOUNTING SYSTEM:
This is a means by which a business develops information presented in fanatical statement or other reports for management and third parties.
- MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM:
This provides the information management needed to operate a business and to make decision. It is network of computer based data processing procedure developed in an organization and integrated as necessary with other manual, mechanical and / or electrical procedures for the purpose of providing timely and effective information to support decision making and other management functions.
- COST ACCOUNTING SYSTEM:
This is part of management accounting, which established budgets and standard costs and actual cost of operations, process departments or products and the analysis of variance, profitability or social use of funds.
- AUDIT:
This is a communication statement of opinion (judgment) based upon convincing evidence by an independet, competence and authoritative person, concerning the degree of correspondence in all materials in respect of accounting and information communicated by an entity (individual, companies, government units) with establish criteria.
- MANAGEMENT PROCESS:
This is defined as the process of planning, organizing, staffing and controlling. Management process involves decision making to make a good decision requires good information as to:
- The internal / external events that led to the need for a decision to make.
- The likely consequence of alternatives decisions good information can leads to successful decision making, which in future leads to good attainment of organizational goals.
- COST ALLOCATION
This system allocates revenue and expenses as well as assets liabilities and non-financial information from services or support certain, with which they have been identified for responsibility and control purpose to other centres or products for profitability and reporting purposes.
- COST CENTRE:
This is the smallest of the activities or area of responsibility where cost are accumulated.
- PROFIT CENTRE:
This is a segment of a business that is responsible for both its revenues and expenditure.
- TENDERS:
Tenders can be said to be a construction jargon for quotation for supply or materials. Whenever there is a supply job, various supplies will tender for the job. The tender board companies of professionals like, engineers, surveyors, architects, among other hold a meeting to debate on tenders. The tenders that has a realistic price level as compared to others will then be chosen. Then, after an LPO or requisition, note will be issued for the supply of he needed items.
13 SUB-CONTRACTOR:
The sub-contractor is a relative term, relative in the sense that they can be classified as a big or smaller contractor depending on the size of contract they are holding. They take smaller jobs from major contractors. The major in the specialized area which the major lacks expertise. They help to increase out put in a short space of time sub-contractor s help in the completion of project within the scheduled period.
- SUPPLIERS:
They are credits to the company.
- TIME CARE AND WORK REPORT:
HAPEL LTD has employees who works on the various construction site and are remunerated on monthly basis. They are issued time cards which are returned to the supervisors at the end of each month for verification and signature. The HAPEL LTD uses time card and work report sheet to record the umber of workers at site and at office.
- MOBILIZATION FEES:
Is the advance paid by the client to a contractor to enable construction work to start/
- PERIPHERAL UNIT:
Part of a computer which is linked to the central processor.
- PURCHASES BY ORDER:
This is a system where an organization replenishes its stock or materials by making payments in advance to the supplying company after contract has been won.
Download our android mobile app for more materials
ORDER NOW
COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
MAKE YOUR PAYMENT INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631
Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
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