PROBLEMS OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN THE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ( A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU ZONE)
PROBLEMS OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN THE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
( A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU ZONE)
This study is carried out to find the problems of cooperative in the marketing of agricultural food products in Enugu zone of Enugu State.
The study became necessary because of the recent increases in the price of food crop in the country. Because of time lapses, a survey sample was used to study the entire population covering Oji-River, Udi, Enugu North, Enugu South, Awgu and Ezeagu local government areas of the state.
Direct sampling methods was used in administering the questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using percentages and pie chart.
The results in this study have shown that although price of food crops marketed by the co-operatives is moderate, its not stable.
Inadequate storage facilities have a significant effect on the efficient marketing of food crops by the co-operatives. That there is correspondence between the demand for food crops marketed by co-operative and the consumers educational level attained from the findings, the researcher made the following recommendations:
That the state government should give financial aid to these co-operators for a better and efficient running of their affairs by the management. That since price is one of the marketing variables within the control of management, the management of these co-operative should put forth efforts aimed at maintaining fair and stable prices of food crops bearing in mind that the co-operative organization is for service and not entirely profit oriented.
That effort should be geared on the improvement of storage facilities. Also that the state government should help to educate farmer through their co-operatives as a means of improving production and marketing of agricultural products.
Finally, the effort of transportation on the co-operative societies are so severe that they encounter a heavier barrier or difficulty while marketing their food crops and therefore call for an improvement in the existing means of transportation or to create one where non exist.
Bibliography 65
The co-operative society was principally aimed at organizing non-profit making institutions that would protect its members from exploitation by capitalist shop owners who sold goods at exorbitant prices.
The origin of co-operative societies dates back to 1844 in Rochadale, a town in Britain. Twenty eight artisans, called the “Rochdale Pioneers contributed a few pence per week, with this amount, they started a retail shop. Members bought cheaply from their shop and profits were distributed to members in pro-portion to the amount of business done through the co-operative.
A much greater measure of success has been attended on the development of consumer’s co-operative societies though not without some difficulties, which eventually stopped many from existing.
Almost every community is Nigeria with reference to the local
governments in Enugu zone chosen practices one form of co-operative society and this enhances the rapid development, the society nationwide. With this regard, we were made to know that agricultural products that were produced in different parts of the country should be distributed equitably or almost. In the
course of the distribution, people do come together and pull their meager resources together for an efficient distribution of these goods.
Efficient distribution determine the quantities and prices of this products that come into the market.
Contrarily, if poorly distributed, the producers will find it difficult to market their products individually. In attempt to maintain stable prices of farm products and minimize the excesses of middlemen, many producers have decided to form food crops co-operative society in their zones and extended it to almost all the communities in the local government entirely. The objectives of forming the co-operative society includes:
However, in doing these duties, which are marketing of food
crop for the members interest, raising of internal funds to give to the members as loan, obtaining loan from lending and discount houses or financial institutions, obtaining raw materials and doing other services to their member, the co-operators ran into some difficulties and other or problems. It is this problem that the researcher is out to find as well as recommending for their total elimination.
food production is given the highest priority as well as in the state and in the entire country. Food production is carries out or it mainly produced locally for home consumption. Out or it mainly produced locally for home consumption average of this farmers who care to join co-operative societies are experiencing considerably difficulty mainly in the sale of their food crops. This arises from the current development of non-availability of food crops at reasonable price coupled with the scarcity of essential commodities and hearing of food crops by in surplus marketing agents.
Majority of consumers complains that co-operators operate like the close shop to the exclusion of non-members. The co-operators themselves complain of the following as their major problems.
These failing and weaknesses are the major reasons why
meaning food crop producers see co-operatives as a dumping ground for their products. The relevant question now is how do we improve our marketing operations to the satisfaction of both members and their potential customers. The burden of this study therefore is to provide as answers to the questions.
problems encountered while marketing agricultural products by the co-operators in the society with particular reference to Enugu zone.
Enugu zone with six local government and a population above 500,000 people with only an average of one co-operative society in one local government are now facing serious problems in the marketing of their product in zone.
Specially, the study is meant:
This project is important to the society and students of co-
Operative who are making or intending to make research societies in the near future.
It is also significant to co-operative or potential investors as it gives them insight into the nature of co-operatives societies and benefits that exist in the areas of co-operative society.
Furthermore, it gives the reader an insight into the role played by co-operative society in the marketing and production of food crops in the area of operations. However, another significant aspects of this study are to provide a guide to clearing of certain misconceptions about co-operative societies.
The study would also emphasize the need for forming co-operative societies in the rural areas. In addition, the project can also serve as readily material for leisure period.
Lack of data
Data on all the farmers who belong to food crops co-operative societies in Enugu zone were difficult to come by.
Time factor
The time allowable for the research were in a fact short especially when such research work must be combined with lectures and studies.
FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
Within the time of this research work, sufficient fund was
not within the reach of the researcher because of the present economic crunch in the country. This scarcity of fund acted restrictively as prices of things were rising every hour of the day.
RESPONDENTS ATTITUDE
Nigerian transportation system is yet to develop and now with the problem of petroleum scarcity in the country. The researcher finds it almost impossible to touch the necessary areas as expected.
ILLITERACY AS A FACTOR
This is where the researcher encountered a heavy barrier, because 70% of the co-operators interviewed of given the questionnaire felt reluctant to sign mainly due to lack of understanding.
Several attempts have been made as regards to the definition
of co-operative societies both by foreign authors and their local counterparts.
According to Erdman and Tincey, “a co-operative society or association is a voluntary association of person with a common interest, formed and operated along democratic lines for the purpose of supplying services at cost to its members, who contributed both capital and business.
Okonkwo J.N, a local author put in his “A co-operative society is a voluntary association of free and independent persons for the betterment of their members economic conditions.
Ogbuu C.C. 1975, in his own opinion, looks at co-operative society as an association of persons as human beings on the basis of equality for the achievement of their economic goods”.
Egbua C.C, defined co-operative organizations in 1986 as an association of persons having usually a limited means of income who have voluntarily come together to form democratically controlled business organizations by material equitable contribution to the capital required, and agreeing to share equity the risk of benefits that will result from the undertakings.
Oladeji in 1982 page 250 put in his by defining co-operative society as an enterprise that derives it strength from the interest and patronage of its members who provide nearly all its finance, own, manage and control its operators. Walter (1960) put his own contribution by defining co-operative society as the application of brotherhood in the economy. Whatever definition may be given to the co-operation society, the following kings or principles will be observed.
In the research opinion, co-operative society is defined as a fusion of individuals voluntarily with the same business or trade incentives carryout business activities for the interest of the members.
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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
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Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
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WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
( A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU ZONE)
ABSTRACT
This study is carried out to find the problems of cooperative in the marketing of agricultural food products in Enugu zone of Enugu State.
The study became necessary because of the recent increases in the price of food crop in the country. Because of time lapses, a survey sample was used to study the entire population covering Oji-River, Udi, Enugu North, Enugu South, Awgu and Ezeagu local government areas of the state.
Direct sampling methods was used in administering the questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using percentages and pie chart.
The results in this study have shown that although price of food crops marketed by the co-operatives is moderate, its not stable.
Inadequate storage facilities have a significant effect on the efficient marketing of food crops by the co-operatives. That there is correspondence between the demand for food crops marketed by co-operative and the consumers educational level attained from the findings, the researcher made the following recommendations:
That the state government should give financial aid to these co-operators for a better and efficient running of their affairs by the management. That since price is one of the marketing variables within the control of management, the management of these co-operative should put forth efforts aimed at maintaining fair and stable prices of food crops bearing in mind that the co-operative organization is for service and not entirely profit oriented.
That effort should be geared on the improvement of storage facilities. Also that the state government should help to educate farmer through their co-operatives as a means of improving production and marketing of agricultural products.
Finally, the effort of transportation on the co-operative societies are so severe that they encounter a heavier barrier or difficulty while marketing their food crops and therefore call for an improvement in the existing means of transportation or to create one where non exist.
CHAPTER ONE
- Background of the study 2
- Statement of the problem 4
- Purpose of the study 6
- Significance of the study 7
- Research questions 8
- Scope and limitations of the study 9
- Definition of terms 10
CHAPTER TWO
- Historical background of co-operative societies 13
- Essentials of good marketing management 17
- Pattern of style of marketing 21
- Qualities expected in marketing 26
- The nature of marketing co-operative 30
- Summary of literature review 31
CHAPTER THREE
- Research method and design 36
- Research populations 37
- Sampling techniques and sample 37
- Size method used
- Design and procedure of the questionnaire
- Method of data collection 39
- Method of data analysis 40
CHAPTER FOUR
- Presented and data analysis 42
CHAPTER FIVE
Findings, summary and recommendations 56
- Findings 56
- Conclusions 58
- Recommendations 61
- Summary 62
Bibliography 65
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The co-operative society was principally aimed at organizing non-profit making institutions that would protect its members from exploitation by capitalist shop owners who sold goods at exorbitant prices.
The origin of co-operative societies dates back to 1844 in Rochadale, a town in Britain. Twenty eight artisans, called the “Rochdale Pioneers contributed a few pence per week, with this amount, they started a retail shop. Members bought cheaply from their shop and profits were distributed to members in pro-portion to the amount of business done through the co-operative.
A much greater measure of success has been attended on the development of consumer’s co-operative societies though not without some difficulties, which eventually stopped many from existing.
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Almost every community is Nigeria with reference to the local
governments in Enugu zone chosen practices one form of co-operative society and this enhances the rapid development, the society nationwide. With this regard, we were made to know that agricultural products that were produced in different parts of the country should be distributed equitably or almost. In the
course of the distribution, people do come together and pull their meager resources together for an efficient distribution of these goods.
Efficient distribution determine the quantities and prices of this products that come into the market.
Contrarily, if poorly distributed, the producers will find it difficult to market their products individually. In attempt to maintain stable prices of farm products and minimize the excesses of middlemen, many producers have decided to form food crops co-operative society in their zones and extended it to almost all the communities in the local government entirely. The objectives of forming the co-operative society includes:
- To market the food crops of member to their best advantage
- Raising of funds for which loans can be granted to members for products purposes.
- Obtaining supply of raw materials such as fertilizer
- Provision of other essential services to the members such as procuring the necessary of most needed goods at wholesale prices.
- Obtaining of good essential services for their members like, loans at a reasonable interest from lending houses.
However, in doing these duties, which are marketing of food
crop for the members interest, raising of internal funds to give to the members as loan, obtaining loan from lending and discount houses or financial institutions, obtaining raw materials and doing other services to their member, the co-operators ran into some difficulties and other or problems. It is this problem that the researcher is out to find as well as recommending for their total elimination.
- STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
In the local government under Enugu zone self sufficiency in
food production is given the highest priority as well as in the state and in the entire country. Food production is carries out or it mainly produced locally for home consumption. Out or it mainly produced locally for home consumption average of this farmers who care to join co-operative societies are experiencing considerably difficulty mainly in the sale of their food crops. This arises from the current development of non-availability of food crops at reasonable price coupled with the scarcity of essential commodities and hearing of food crops by in surplus marketing agents.
Majority of consumers complains that co-operators operate like the close shop to the exclusion of non-members. The co-operators themselves complain of the following as their major problems.
- Epileptic or instability of price of foods crops.
- Inadequate infrastructural facilities for production
- Lack of storage facilities
- Distribution and marketing of food crops as a result of which loses are incurred due to spoilage of quality.
These failing and weaknesses are the major reasons why
meaning food crop producers see co-operatives as a dumping ground for their products. The relevant question now is how do we improve our marketing operations to the satisfaction of both members and their potential customers. The burden of this study therefore is to provide as answers to the questions.
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of this study generally are to find out the
problems encountered while marketing agricultural products by the co-operators in the society with particular reference to Enugu zone.
Enugu zone with six local government and a population above 500,000 people with only an average of one co-operative society in one local government are now facing serious problems in the marketing of their product in zone.
Specially, the study is meant:
- To assess the nature of good road networks
- Determine the storage facilities with a view to ensure an acceptable standard.
- Assessment of their knowledge of price system in marketing of their products.
- Assessment of the distribution facility with a view to ensuring an acceptable standard.
- Ascertainment of the educational background of the co-operators.
- SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
This project is important to the society and students of co-
Operative who are making or intending to make research societies in the near future.
It is also significant to co-operative or potential investors as it gives them insight into the nature of co-operatives societies and benefits that exist in the areas of co-operative society.
Furthermore, it gives the reader an insight into the role played by co-operative society in the marketing and production of food crops in the area of operations. However, another significant aspects of this study are to provide a guide to clearing of certain misconceptions about co-operative societies.
The study would also emphasize the need for forming co-operative societies in the rural areas. In addition, the project can also serve as readily material for leisure period.
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- Does transportation problem in any way disrupt the marketing of your products?
- Does price instability in any way affect the expansion of the co-operators production?
- Has lack of equal distribution of agricultural product problem in any way affects the image of the co-operators
- What type of farm implements do you use?
- How does storage facilities affects them?
- To what extent, does lack of capital militate against farming activities in your area.
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Lack of data
Data on all the farmers who belong to food crops co-operative societies in Enugu zone were difficult to come by.
Time factor
The time allowable for the research were in a fact short especially when such research work must be combined with lectures and studies.
FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
Within the time of this research work, sufficient fund was
not within the reach of the researcher because of the present economic crunch in the country. This scarcity of fund acted restrictively as prices of things were rising every hour of the day.
RESPONDENTS ATTITUDE
Nigerian transportation system is yet to develop and now with the problem of petroleum scarcity in the country. The researcher finds it almost impossible to touch the necessary areas as expected.
ILLITERACY AS A FACTOR
This is where the researcher encountered a heavy barrier, because 70% of the co-operators interviewed of given the questionnaire felt reluctant to sign mainly due to lack of understanding.
- DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Several attempts have been made as regards to the definition
of co-operative societies both by foreign authors and their local counterparts.
According to Erdman and Tincey, “a co-operative society or association is a voluntary association of person with a common interest, formed and operated along democratic lines for the purpose of supplying services at cost to its members, who contributed both capital and business.
Okonkwo J.N, a local author put in his “A co-operative society is a voluntary association of free and independent persons for the betterment of their members economic conditions.
Ogbuu C.C. 1975, in his own opinion, looks at co-operative society as an association of persons as human beings on the basis of equality for the achievement of their economic goods”.
Egbua C.C, defined co-operative organizations in 1986 as an association of persons having usually a limited means of income who have voluntarily come together to form democratically controlled business organizations by material equitable contribution to the capital required, and agreeing to share equity the risk of benefits that will result from the undertakings.
Oladeji in 1982 page 250 put in his by defining co-operative society as an enterprise that derives it strength from the interest and patronage of its members who provide nearly all its finance, own, manage and control its operators. Walter (1960) put his own contribution by defining co-operative society as the application of brotherhood in the economy. Whatever definition may be given to the co-operation society, the following kings or principles will be observed.
- There must be an objective mainly for the interest of the members.
- Entry and exist must be voluntary, no one can be forced to come either into the association or out of it. The entry and the exit are voluntary in other words a free will.
In the research opinion, co-operative society is defined as a fusion of individuals voluntarily with the same business or trade incentives carryout business activities for the interest of the members.
Download our android mobile app for more materials
ORDER NOW
COMPLETE MATERIAL COST N2,500 Or $10. FRESH PROJECT MATERIAL COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.
THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE
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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
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Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Number: 0117780667.
Swift Code: GTBINGLA
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar.
ATM CARD: YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY.
OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.
form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 24 HOURS
CALL OUR CUSTOMERS CARE OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.
AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO
08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.
WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.
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